今日聊聊小鵬。
5 月 28 日,小鵬都發咗一季度財報。
直接進入正題。
小鵬第一季度交付量為62683 架。

對照之下,蔚來係 83465 架,理想係 95142 架。
無論係對照自己定係對比蔚來小鵬,都唔係一個好成績。
因為第一季度蔚來同理想都冇新車或者改動補位,純靠現有產品矩陣。
小鵬唔同,小鵬投放咗好唔多改動車型:
1 月,一次性上市 4 款主力車型:2026 款 P7+、2026 款 G7、2026 款 G6 純電版、2026 款 G9 純電版。
3 月,X9 純電版、G6 超級增程版、P7 新車型上市。
第一季度完成咗六款車型嘅新與改動。
完全係下餃子嘅打法。
但係即便呢樣,銷量都一般。
直到 4 月,26 款 MONA M03 上市交付,銷量先又迎來上揚。
小鵬給嘅說法係:第一季度係受國內新能源市場波動影響,公司唔只關注規模,更注重銷量同經營質量嘅平衡。

第一季度小鵬汽車毛利率 12.1%,相比之下,2025 年同期為 10.5%,而 2025 年第四季度為 13.0%。
對於汽車毛利,理想董事長李想有一個觀點:產品穩定毛利應該穩定喺 15%-25%,最長都唔會低於 15% 嘅毛利率。
雖然理想第一季度都唔好,整車毛利只有 6.1%。
但係而家嚟講,小鵬整車毛利唔高,都同佢銷量唔高有關,規模效應發揮唔到作用。
所以,汽車銷量嘅主業務提供嘅造血能力就比較有限。
唔過,小鵬第一季度毛利率係 20.6%,相比之下,2025 年同期為 15.6%,而 2025 年第四季度為 21.3%。
這係因為小鵬服務同其他業務(技術研發服務,軟件授權)毛利非常高,達到 66.5%。
雖然收入只有 20.3 億元,遠唔及汽車銷售嘅 110 億元,都係拉升咗整體毛利。

去年四季度小鵬實現咗單季度盈利(淨利潤超 3.8 億元),但遺憾冇保持落來。
今年第一季度,小鵬淨虧損為 17.8 億元(2.6 億美元),相比之下,2025 年同期為虧損 6.6 億元,而 2025 年第四季度為收益 3.8 億元。
經營虧損為 18.7 億元(2.7 億美元),相比之下,2025 年同期為 10.4 億元,而 2025 年第四季度為 0.4 億元。
第一季度研發開支為 29.1 億元(4.2 億美元),較 2025 年同期嘅 19.8 億元增加 46.8%,並較 2025 年第四季度嘅 28.7 億元增加 1.1%。
按年增加主要由於公司擴充產品組合以支持未來增長,新車型及 AI 相關技術開發對應嘅開支有所增加。
第一季度銷售、一般同行政開支為 18.8 億元(2.7 億美元),較 2025 年同期嘅 19.5 億元下降 3.2%,並較 2025 年第四季度嘅 27.9 億元下降 32.5%。按年及按季下降主要由於向特許經營店支付嘅佣金減少。
至於現金儲備,仲有 420.9 億元,彈藥充足。
唔過,從第二季度開始,小鵬嘅情況會開始慢慢好轉。
原因在於,有新品爆款車型嘅補充:小鵬 M03 同小鵬 GX。
首先係 4 月 26 款 M03 上市,唔負眾望,依然穩定保持爆款表現,37 分鐘大訂破萬,4 月零售 13595 輛,帶來新嘅銷量增量。
除咗呢架車,小鵬全尺寸高端旗艦小鵬 GX 喺 5 月 20 日上市,限時權益價26.98-34.98 萬元(純電 + 增程共 8 個配置)。
已經妥妥大爆款,尤其係頂配車型,已經火到一塌糊塗:

尤其係小鵬 GX 純電版,5 月 23 日嗰陣交付週期係 20-24 週,而家已經變到 30-34 週。
而家已知嘅係:初始訂單中旗艦版佔比超 80%,而家仍係主力。Max 版佔比低於 5%,低於預期。
增程版起初需求唔如純電,但正逐步接近,尤其係加強咗喺北區、西區嘅營銷後。
「我哋希望 GX 能夠成為 30 萬以上高端大六座市場嘅前三甚至頭部爆款。」
「GX 作為旗艦車型,毛利率唔錯,大部分 SKU 嘅毛利率表現都高於預期。」
所以,隨著呢架車嘅大批量交付,今年 6 月、乃至接下來,呢架車將貢獻唔少嘅銷量收入,同時都會帶動小鵬整車毛利嘅提升。

唔過,必須講嘅係雖然有咗小鵬 GX 高毛利車型改善產品結構,但係原材料上漲嘅壓力(內存芯片同電池),呢啲壓力仲會繼續持續到隨後季度。
第二季度小鵬預期交付量為 100000 至 106000 輛,較第一季度增加約 59.54% 至 69.11%。
總收入將喺 196.0 億元至 208.0 億元,較第一季度增加約 50.38% 至 59.59%。
至於總毛利,預計會同第一季度大致持平。
鑒於小鵬全新高端旗艦小鵬 GX 開咗一個好頭。
接下來,小鵬表現非常值得期待。
首先係新車型。
今年下半年小鵬仲有 3 款新車型將會上市交付。
小鵬 G9L:小鵬 G9 嘅加長版。
G9L 嘅定位會喺 G9 同 GX 之間,中大型 6 座豪華家用 SUV。
小鵬 G9:4891×1937×1670mm,軸距 2998mm
小鵬 G9L:5120×1999×1782/1788/1795
小鵬 GX:5265×1999×1800mm,軸距 3115mm,
小鵬 G9L 喺 G9 嘅基礎上面做咗加長,同樣純電/增程雙動力,至於其他方面嘅配置,我個人感覺會向 GX 看齐,俗稱套娃。

所以,呢架車嘅配置、空間等多項產品競爭力必定唔差。
而家嘅新車企想要喺內捲之下獲得勝出,核心仲係《科技叢林》多次強調嘅策略:降維打擊 + 錯位競爭。
這也是而家新車企越做越大嘅原因。
那麼,G9L 隨後應該會取代 G9 嘅位置,所以最關鍵嘅就係定價,小鵬 G9 嘅價格係 24.88 萬 -27.88 萬。
G9L 想要走量,定價同 SKU 就需要好好掂量一下。
如果定得好,那就又係爆款預訂。
除咗 G9L,小鵬 MONA 序列嘅 SUV 車型都終於要嚟,將補齊小鵬喺 15 萬 SUV 車型嘅缺失。
MONA L03:
L03 定位緊湊型轎跑 SUV,4650 /1920/1600mm,軸距 2850mm(軸距越級),同樣純電 + 增程雙能,83kW(249 馬力)永磁同步單電機。

純電版提供 505km(56kWh)、650km(69kWh)兩個續航規格。
增程版 37.2kWh 磷酸鋰鐵;CLTC 純電續航 257km,綜合續航 > 1000km。
如果能畀一個唔錯嘅價格,那基本能延續而家 M03 嘅爆款勢頭。
至於上市發布時間,有用戶喺小鵬汽車副總裁于濤評論區問 7 月是否能夠提到車,佢嘅回應係:冇問題,當晚落單無壓力。
所以 L03 大概率 7 月就會上市。
L05:5 座中型家用 SUV
某種程度上可以睇做大一號嘅 L03。

L05 長闊高:4870/1930/1636mm,軸距 2940mm。
對比一下小鵬品牌嘅 G6。
小鵬 G6:4758/1920/1650mm,軸距 2890mm。
所以,L05 無論是坐乘還是裝載表現,都會優於 G6。
G6 售價係 17.68–18.68。
考慮到 MONA 系列更平價嘅定位,L05 要比 G6 便宜,同時也會吃掉唔少 G6 嘅市場份額。
(如果出現倒掛,那我肯定呢架車最後銷量肯定翻車)
對於 MONA 呢兩台 SUV,我還係好期待。
不過都係嗰句話,無論係 G9L、L03 定係 L05,最終決定可唔可以大賣嘅核心因素都係定價、配置,小鵬必須謹慎對待。
如果呢一塊唔出錯,那麼下半年小鵬銷量表現就非常值得期待。
小鵬第二代 VLA 進展都非常值得期待。
首先技術方面,第二代 VLA 帶來咗兩個新能力:
1、第二代 VLA 無導航園區/地庫漫遊,實現智駕從「有路可走」到「無路都能走」
2、國內首個全場景原地起步(公開道路、園區、地庫,P 檔狀態可原地起步),邊度都能開,大幅度提升智駕使用率
呢兩個功能嘅搭載唔單單係智駕功能嘅補全,意味著小鵬將全場景 0 速啟動、無導航漫遊通行、城區 NOA、高速 NOA、車位到車位嘅環節徹底打通,形成一個完整無縫嘅端到端體驗閉環。
實現智駕從「有路可走」到「無路都能走」,而且將會帶來智駕體驗連續性嘅質變,真正做到邊度都能開。
呢個能力形態已經同特斯拉喺北美實現嘅全場景 FSD 非常接近。

而且,第二代 VLA 推送首月,智駕里程佔比行業首破 50%,成為行業首個跨越呢一節點嘅智駕系統,標誌高級智駕從"極客嘗鮮"正式邁入大眾日常、高頻使用階段。
關於智駕里程,國內智駕頭部公司地平線創辦人&CEO 余凱有一個觀點:智駕里程佔比突破 50% 後,用戶對智駕嘅依賴將變得不可逆。
那麼,隨著更大量車型嘅交付以及更多智駕里程嘅使用,小鵬智駕將會得到唔少嘅進步同成長。
這仲未完。
今年 Q3(8 月),小鵬 VLA 將會迎嚟一波更新,極大程度提高模型能力上限,更聰明、泛化能力更強、大幅降低接管率。
今年年底,小鵬將實現首次實現VLA+VLM 融合,除自動駕駛外具備語言溝通能力,為未來「汽車管家」(L5 級別)能力打下基礎。
「當自動駕駛能基於 L2 級別硬件實現完美嘅 L4 軟件能力時,整個業務形態同商業模式將產生巨變。」
可以預見嘅係,小鵬喺智駕方面嘅競爭能力將得到進一步增強,而呢個反過來都會促進小鵬產品銷量增長,形成一種正向循環。

至於 Robotaxi,而家小鵬係喺廣州拿到牌照並運營。
小鵬嘅規劃係喺廣州把技術、產品、商業模式跑通後,再同國內外嘅更多合作夥伴開展本地化運營。
小鵬嘅 Robotaxi 策略有兩點:第一,只做產品並抽佣,唔直接做運營,因此會有很多合作夥伴;第二,小鵬認為全球化嘅 Robotaxi 有巨大嘅商業價值。
何小鵬表示:國內近期嘅自動駕駛監管收緊並未影響我哋嘅節奏,我哋認為 2028 年之後將係 Robotaxi 嘅巨大商業機會,而家正按步驟喺海内外準備。
小鵬當前嘅計劃係利用現有車型喺國內同國際市場大力部署同試驗 V2.0。

正用當前車型進行快速研發同實驗,並會喺 2027 年推出經濟型車型來做好 Robotaxi 嘅示範同商業驗證,Robotaxi 商業化能力會持續提高。
「針對 Robotaxi 嘅測試同研發對 C 端業務都會帶來正面影響(反哺),因為 V2.0 可以衍生出多種智能駕駛策略(如極速模式、少接管模式)。
未來,當政策逐步放開,Robotaxi 進入規模化商業運營時,佢可能會同 C 端市場逐步分離,成為第二個車輛賽道,成為一種新型工具。」
至於技術授權服務,今年第二季度開始,小鵬已經開始向合作夥伴大眾汽車大規模交付圖靈芯片,2026 年來自技術、服務同 IP 授權嘅總收入將同 2025 年相當。
海外市場一直係小鵬核心戰略之一。
從最新月份嘅數據看,小鵬國際業務收入貢獻已接近 20%(去年全年約 10%),佔比顯著提升。
儘管有關稅等成本壓力,但國際業務帶來嘅毛利同淨利潤貢獻仍然非常可觀。
今年下半年,隨著今年下半年 4 款全球化車型推出,2027-2028 年小鵬嘅全球化速度將大幅提高,增長勢頭會持續,全年國際收入貢獻將穩定喺 20% 左右。
當然考慮到國際動蕩,小鵬都喺增加本地投資生產(如喺奧地利同麥格納合作),以確保有能力滿足歐洲及全球市場嘅增長預期。

「而家我哋喺東南亞(印尼、馬來西亞)有兩間工廠,主要滿足當地市場;喺奧地利同麥格納合作生產供應歐洲。呢三處產能今年都會提升,並生產新車型。對於東南亞國家,生產主要面向本地市場;奧地利工廠則服務於歐洲。預計我哋喺歐洲銷售嘅大部分車輛將實現本地化生產。喺尚無生產設施嘅其他地區,我哋將維持當前出口模式。隨著喺某些大市場嘅銷量同份額增長,我哋正積極尋求提升產能同本地化率嘅方法,以滿足當地化含量規則。」
何小鵬對於海外市場嘅預期係:希望未來 5 年內,海外市場嘅銷量佔一半,收入同利潤超過一半。
最後,嚟總結一下啦。
雖然小鵬第一季度表現平淡,但都係嗰句話,睇車企點樣要睇嘅唔單單係過去,仲要睇長期嘅潛力。
而家,隨著 GX、G9L 及 MONA 系列新車嘅陸續登場,小鵬已擺出咗最強產品矩陣。
此外,VLA 智駕進入大眾普及階段、海外業務都慢慢成長為新嘅業務增長極。
小鵬已經初步形成「爆款車型 + 智能化 + 全球化」嘅三輪驅動新格局。

接下來嘅半年,密集嘅新車投放將係檢驗呢一格局成色嘅試金石。
對於小鵬而言,接下來嘅課題係:點樣用好技術呢把利刃,喺更廣闊嘅全球市場中,贏得與之匹配嘅商業成果(即規模同利潤)?
下半年,市場將用訂單同毛利嚟投票,靜待小鵬逆轉戰局。
完。

On May 28, 2026, SAIC Group held the "First Global 100 Millionth User Delivery Ceremony" grandly at the Shanghai North Bund World Living Room. More than ten whole vehicle brands and 19 main models under SAIC, with the innovative form of "Global Relay Delivery", spanned continents and linked domestic and overseas markets, officially declaring SAIC Group as the first in China's automotive industry to break 100 million in cumulative production and sales, carving a historic milestone for the development of China's automotive industry.

From the first "Phoenix" sedan born in 1958, to today's global automotive group with a scale of 100 million vehicles; from local car making hammered by hand, to full industry chain synergy and intelligent manufacturing of Chinese globalization; from single product output to technology, brand, and service full value chain going global, SAIC has written the era's answer for Chinese cars to catch up, run alongside, and go from local to global with over 70 years of progress. 100 million vehicles is not only a quantum leap in production and sales scale, but also a heavy load of 100 million units of user trust, a testament to the strength of China's automotive industry's rise.

I. Over 70 Years of Progress: From "Zero Breakthrough" to "100 Million-Level Leap"
The development history of SAIC Group is a condensed history of China's automotive industry's progress.
In 1955, the Shanghai Internal Combustion Engine Parts Manufacturing Company was established, and Shanghai's automotive industry officially set sail. In 1958, the first generation of automotive workers manually assembled the first **"Phoenix" sedan**, achieving a "zero breakthrough" in Shanghai sedan manufacturing, opening the difficult exploration of China's independent car making. At that time, conditions were simple and technology was weak, but the seed of steadfastness for independence and pursuit of quality was planted.
After the Reform and Opening Up, SAIC seized the opportunity of the times and entered a new stage of joint cooperation and rapid growth. In 1983, the Santana officially came off the line, not only opening the tide of popularization of Chinese household sedans, but also driving the establishment of a modern automotive parts supporting system, promoting the systemization and standardization upgrade of China's automotive manufacturing system. In 1997, SAIC General Motors was established, achieving a "Shanghai Speed" with 23 months to go from "building factory to delivering vehicles", refreshing industry records, and simultaneously building the first joint venture exclusive automotive R&D and design center domestically, achieving a leap from manufacturing to R&D.

Entering the new century, SAIC firmly promoted independent innovation and brand upward movement. In 2006, the Roewe brand was born, sounding the horn for the comprehensive rise of independent passenger cars; in 2016, the world's first Internet car Roewe RX5 went on sale, opening a new era of automotive intelligence; in 2020, IM Motors appeared, targeting the global luxury market with a high-end intelligent electric track. From fuel vehicles to new energy, from traditional manufacturing to intelligent electric, from local layout to global operations, SAIC has always been at the forefront of industry transformation.
For over 70 years of wind and rain, SAIC has always adhered to the core concept of **"Know Cars, Know You Better"**. "Know Cars", is the ultimate pursuit of core technologies, is the continuous breakthrough of cutting-edge technologies such as full wire-controlled chassis, semi-solid state batteries, AI large models, intelligent driving; "Know You", is to convert hardcore technology into user-perceivable and enjoyalbe travel experiences, letting every innovation serve real car usage scenarios. From the first vehicle to the first 100 millionth vehicle, what changes is scale and technology, what remains unchanged is the original intention of sticking to quality and serving users. 100 million vehicles is the most powerful fulfillment of this original intention.
Full System Strength Support: Full Brand Matrix + Global Layout, Casting the Foundation of 100 Million Vehicles
Behind the 100 million vehicle scale is SAIC's full value chain closed-loop system covering six sectors: whole vehicles, parts, mobility, financial services, international operations, and innovative technology, and the strong comprehensive strength of synergy between independent and joint ventures, passenger and commercial vehicles, and domestic and overseas linkage.
Sales data corroborates hardcore strength: From January to April 2026, SAIC Group's cumulative sales reached 1.302 million vehicles, ranking first among Chinese automakers for four consecutive months; among them, independent brand sales were 910,000 vehicles, accounting for nearly 70%, becoming the core engine of growth; new energy vehicle sales were 412,000 vehicles, stably in the first echelon of the industry; overseas market sales were 459,000 vehicles, surging 50.2% year-on-year, continuing to lead Chinese brand exports.

This global relay delivery, SAIC's full brand matrix made a powerful appearance. Independent brands went all out: Shangjie Z7, Huajing S, Roewe M7, MG4 Semi-Solid State Battery Version, Wuling Starlight 560, Maxus eDeliver5, Hongyan Heavy Truck, Yuexing Dana T1, SUNWIN Electric Bus, Iveco Juzing EV and other models were delivered in batches, covering household commuting, family travel, business operations, logistics transportation, urban public transport all scenarios, meeting users' diversified needs.
Joint ventures entered the "Joint Venture 2.0" technology co-innovation stage, showing heavy results: Volkswagen ID. ERA 9X globally debuted with Momenta R7 Reinforced Learning World Model, delivered over 7,000 units in the first month of listing; AUDI E7X is planned to become Audi's first model globally landing L3-level autonomous driving; Buick Zhijing E7 is built on the "Xiaoyao" Super Fusion Architecture, sales broke 10,000 units in the first month of listing. From "Market for Technology" to "Technology Defines Products", SAIC achieved a complete role leap, leading the new direction of high-quality development of joint ventures.
Global layout is the key support for SAIC's 100 million leap. As a pioneer in Chinese automotive "Going Global", SAIC has already deployed over 100 parts bases and over 3000 dealer outlets overseas, built 3 Global R&D Centers in London, as well as 4 overseas manufacturing bases in Thailand, Indonesia, India, Pakistan; Anji Logistics formed 42 professional Ro-Ro ships, opened 8 international routes, building an efficient global logistics system.
Currently, SAIC's products and services have covered over 170 countries and regions worldwide, with cumulative overseas sales breaking 7 million vehicles. MG brand ranked first among Chinese brands in European sales for 11 consecutive years, European annual sales broke 300,000 in 2025, becoming the first Chinese automotive brand to break 1 million in cumulative sales in Europe and the UK. In March 2026, MG released Semi-Solid State Battery and Hybrid + Hybrid Technology in Germany, breaking 20,000 units in a single month overseas, winning global market recognition with hardcore technology. SAIC is moving from "Product Going Global" to "Value Chain Going Global", letting Chinese Intelligent Manufacturing shine on the global stage.
User-Centric: 100 Million Trusts, Originating from "Know Cars, Know You Better"
SAIC's 100 million leap is essentially the accumulation and precipitation of user trust. In this delivery gala, there was no grand technology presentation, but focused on every real user, letting ordinary people become the protagonists, vividly interpreting the deep connotation of "Know Cars, Know You Better".

GET App founder Luo Zhenyu served as the 001st Experience Officer for Huajing S, from praising Huawei Qiankun Smart Driving to deeply visiting the factory to witness the off-line, recognizing SAIC's dual strength of technology and quality; former national team player Yang Chen chose Volkswagen ID. ERA 9X, valuing its high-efficiency range extender system and consistency with long-termism values; charity blogger Liu Jia stuck to mountain area charity for five years, was moved by Buick Zhijing E7's "Full Score Cockpit"; London doctor Natalia inherited family MG sentiment, returning couple brought overseas car usage memories back to the motherland; there were also bulk users such as logistics enterprises, bus companies, tourism teams, letting SAIC become a reliable partner for fighters.
From tech bloggers to sports stars, from public welfare persons to entrepreneurs, from overseas users to local families, every user's choice is an endorsement of SAIC products and services. SAIC always insists that the ultimate value of technology is to serve people, the ultimate goal of car making is to guard every journey, warming every family. 100 million vehicles is the carrying of 100 million life stories, the guard of 100 million beautiful journeys, and more 100 million heavy trusts.
At the product level, SAIC oriented by user needs, built a product matrix covering all categories, all price points, all scenarios. Home cars pursue comfort and energy saving, high-end car owners focus on intelligent luxury, commercial vehicles focus on reliability and efficiency, new energy vehicles achieve range and safety balance. At the same time, continuously upgrading quality and experience, from infant-level healthy cockpit, full domain security protection, to intelligent interaction, comfortable chassis, every detail is polished around users' real car usage scenarios, letting high-end inclusion, letting technology approachable.
Start New Journey: Starting from 100 Million Level, Towards the New Era of Smart Electric
100 million vehicles is a milestone, but also a new starting point. Facing the wave of smart electrification, SAIC in the posture of "Second Entrepreneurship", full sprint for new heights of the global automotive market.
Technology innovation continues to lead: Deeply cultivating solid / semi-solid batteries, full wire-controlled chassis, AI large models, high-level intelligent driving and other cutting-edge technologies, promoting core technology autonomous and controllable; global R&D system synergy effort, quickly transforming laboratory technology into mass production configuration, letting users enjoy tech dividends first.

Brand upward movement is unswerving: Strengthen IM, Roewe, MG, Wuling and other independent matrices, upgrade Volkswagen, Audi, Buick and other joint venture brands, form a high-low matching, domestic and overseas coordinated brand system, meeting global users' differentiated needs.
Global strategy depth promotion: Deepen "Glocal" Global + Local strategy, expand overseas production capacity and channel layout, promote technology, standards, services synchronously going global, improving Chinese automotive brands' global voice.
User service comprehensive upgrade: Stick to "Know Cars, Know You Better" concept, with user full lifecycle experience as the core, building a more considerate, more convenient, more intelligent service system, letting every user feel SAIC's temperature and sincerity.
From 1955 to 2026, from the first vehicle to the first 100 millionth vehicle, SAIC witnessed and promoted China's automotive industry from nothing to something, from weak to strong. 100 million leap is a breakthrough of scale, a victory of technology, a result of globalization, and more a crystallization of user trust.
Standing at a brand new historical starting point, SAIC will continue to adhere to the original intention, stick to innovation, deep dive into users, lead globally, walk together with 100 million users and global partners, with the power of Chinese Intelligent Manufacturing, create a better travel future together, and continue to contribute to China moving from an automotive powerhouse to an automotive strong country!

你睇過印度嘅馬路嗎?
我喺網上見過。
畫面通常係咁,一輛轎車俾牛尾擋住,旁邊仲有亂竄嘅摩托,甚至周圍仲有賣奶茶嘅小夥,嗰叫一個“乾淨又衛生”。

然而,喺呢啲睇完好多人覺得生理不適嘅地方,豐田、鈴木、本田等日本車廠,卻決定將籌碼押落印度。
據印度“品牌質量基金會”網站顯示,三家車廠將喺印度投資近110 億美元建廠、提產能、搞出口。
對此有网友表示,三家日本車廠係咪錢多到無處花?
事實上,佢哋唔係錢多到花唔完,亦唔係被印度嘅咖哩蒙蔽咗心竅,呢啲日本車廠高層遠比我哋清醒。
而家嘅日系車,營業額、市場份額都喺下滑,原材料成本仲係升得飛起,打開世界地圖,搵一個能夠容納產能、拓充份額、競爭溫和嘅市場,唔係咁容易嘅事。
所以,唔係日本車廠選擇咗印度,而係因為冇得揀。
日本車廠之痛
曾經嘅日系車,嗰時妥妥係人哋個仔。
你問下十幾年前開過日系車嘅老司機,一提起日系車,幾乎就冇唔豎大拇指嘅,價錢平、省油、耐用又抵撞……
甚至好多日系車,仲要加價購買,但邊個諗到,呢個鐵打嘅江山,短短幾年時間就俾佢哋打得找唔著北。
隨著新能源汽車浪潮嚟到,電動化、智能化變成好多自主車廠“彎道超車”嘅目標,依托於中國強大嘅新能源汽車產業鏈優勢同車廠自身對研發、技術嘅堅持,中國自主品牌迅速實現咗“彎道超車”。
曾經被人吐槽嘅國產車,而家喺馬路越來越多人,甚至份額超越咗合資。
根據乘聯會嘅數據,喺2026 年4 月,自主品牌嘅份額已經高達62.5%,遠超日系嘅13.1%。

要知道,中國汽車市場係全球最大嘅汽車市場,喺中國市場失速,就相當於丟咗一塊巨大嘅蛋糕。
同時,中國市場近年嚟嘅主旋律依舊係價格戰,捲配置、捲價格、捲服務已經成為一種常態,亦對日系車嘅利潤產生咗巨大嘅影響。
除咗中國,日系車喺美國過得亦唔太好。
2025 年 1 月 20 日,特朗普宣誓就職第 47 任美國總統,自此開啟咗一連串搞搞震,其中就包括以國家安全為理由徵收額外嘅汽車關稅,導致進口日本汽車嘅關稅稅率一度高達 27.5%,雖然後嚟有所降低,但亦遠高於最初嘅稅率。
呢個操作,直接導致七大日本車廠喺2025 財政年度嘅關稅損失超2 萬億日元。
再睇日本本土,其實亦唔容易。
中東地緣衝突導致霍爾木茲海峽航運受阻,運輸成本、原材料成本暴漲,日本車廠都有苦難言。

高管們看著報表,背後發涼,只能尋找全新嘅增長曲線。
所以,日本車廠唔係愛上印度,係冇地方去。
揀選印度嘅深思熟慮
咁,印度點解咁有魔力,先至令日本車廠重資投入呢?
第一個優勢就係大。喺2025 年,印度汽車市場取得咗551.7 萬輛嘅新車銷量,同比增長 6%,刷新咗歷史紀錄,位居全球第三大汽車市場,已经连续四年超越日本,僅次於中國同美國。
呢個含金量唔使多講啦,而印度取得呢一成績,主要係因為印度一直喺推動減稅政策,促進消費,這導致國內消費意願出現咗明顯增強。
第二個優點係近,就係離日系車賣得動嘅地方近,如非洲等其他地區。
所以,印度對於日本車廠,更似一個建喺十字路口中央嘅便利店,你唔使將車分別運去八個國家,只需要喺印度呢站造好,然後一船一船甩去,就能削減唔少成本。

《日本經濟新聞》亦認為,印度有望轉變為佢哋全球嘅汽車供應中心。
第三個優點係穩。要知道,日系車嘅優勢就係燃油車,畢竟引擎、變速箱、底盤三大件,佢哋已經玩咗好多年,技術積累喺全球都係數一數二。
但係中國汽車市場已經全力推動電動化、智能化發展,導致日系車嘅優勢越來越弱,根本無法發揮出嚟,但印度唔一樣,佢擁有充電樁少、電動化進程緩慢嘅特點,印度老百姓買車,都仲係盯住平、省油、易修,而呢三點正係日系車嘅老本行。
尤其係鈴木,一直係印度汽車市場嘅常青樹,幾乎年年穩坐暢銷車型寶座,口碑好,勝過任何廣告。
所以,日本車廠大力佈局印度市場,顯然是經過深思熟慮嘅。
但,印度市場真係咁好混咩?
難啃嘅印度市場
當然,印度亦唔係完美得似個香口格,佢嘅缺點同佢嘅優點一樣明顯,而且每一個都夠日本車廠喝一壺。
先講電動化,冇錯,眼睇下印度充電樁少、電動車賣唔動,確實係日系燃油車嘅避風港。但你得諗諗,呢個“避風港”能避幾耐?
印度此前可係喊出咗 2030 年電動車佔新車 30% 嘅口號,雖然聽落似吹水,但抵唔住人哋真補錢、真建充電站。
試諗下,萬一有日印度突然開竅,開始大力推動電動化、搞基建,充電樁似雨後春筍咁冒出來,嗰日系車唔就傻眼?
呢唔係泰國市場嘅翻版咩?
當年日系車喺泰國都係躺贏,整個東南亞市場,都被稱為日系車嘅後花園,結果泰國率先推動電動化,中國電動車一嚟,直接就成咗香口格,再睇日系車,喺泰國嘅市場份額嘩嘩嚟咗落。

如果印度係電動化一加速,歷史大概率會重演,而而家呢次,日系車連逃嘅地方都快冇咗,點樣預防,將成為日本車廠嘅首要問題。
再講政策,印度嘅政策就似一鍋咖哩,你永遠唔知下一口食到係雞肉定係馬鈴薯。
呢個魔幻嘅國家,今日係低關稅鼓勵建廠,明日就可能罰你一筆巨款,更令人頭痛嘅係強制合資,外國車廠想喺印度賣車,要搵本地夥伴搭檔,等你工廠建好咗、供應鏈搭完咗,印度直接背刺你,到嗰陣無論係加錢定撤資,換嚟嘅都係心痛。
所以你看,印度呢個市場,就好似一個睇落好甜嘅芒果,咬落去第一口仲行,再啃幾口就摸著硬核。
日系車而家嘅算盤係,趁住核都未硌牙,趕緊多啃幾口,但核遲早會硌到,只係唔知係邊一日。
尾聲
日系車呢趟印度之旅,唔係去旅遊,係去搵食。
中國同東南亞嘅飯桌更擁擠,生產、運輸嘅成本又提高咗,放眼全球,就印度呢口鍋仲冒住熱氣,哪怕入面煮嘅係咖哩味嘅石頭,都要硬著頭皮啃落去。
日本車廠想擴大市場,印度想嘅係拉動經濟、解決就業,雙方都有各自嘅心思。
至於結局係日系車喺印度重新封神,定係好似當年嘅部分友商一樣灰溜溜走人,那就唔知啦。
但無論點樣,呢場戲先至開始,我哋慢慢睇就得啦。
反正印度嘅故事,從來唔會悶。

兄弟姐妹們,今日講一個出海嘅大新聞——唔係賣車,係賣「司機」。6 月 2 號,文遠知行同 Uber 聯合宣佈咗一件事:計劃喺西班牙馬德里推出該國首個商業化 Robotaxi 試點服務。意思就係:西班牙人好快就可以用 Uber 叫到一台冇司機嘅出租車。呢次係文遠知行同 Uber 第一次一齊進入歐洲市場。馬德里亦成為文遠知行 Robotaxi 駛入嘅全球第十二個城市。
官方消息話,喺馬德里自治區政府嘅支持下,呢項服務今年內就會正式啟動。到嗰陣,馬德里嘅朋友哋打開 Uber App,就有一鍵呼叫文遠知行嘅 Robotaxi。同叫普通網約車一樣,分別係嚟嘅車冇駕駛員——至少喺初期,仲係有分別嘅。運營初期,車入面會配備經過專業培訓嘅安全員,終究係剛上線,穩妥第一。
文遠知行呢間公司,你可能聽過,也可能冇聽過。簡單介紹下:2017 年成立,一直埋頭搞 Robotaxi 技術研發同商業化。而家佢嘅 Robotaxi 已經覆蓋咗廣州、北京、新加坡、阿布達比、迪拜、利雅得、蘇黎世……加埋而家嘅馬德里,一共 12 個城市。西班牙亦係文遠知行進入嘅第五個歐洲市場——之前已經入咗瑞士、法國、比利時、斯洛伐克。按照文遠知行同 Uber 喺 2025 年 5 月達成嘅規劃,佢哋要喺五年內新增 15 個國際城市部署 Robotaxi 服務,全球部署數萬輛 Robotaxi。隨著馬德里落地,目前已經完成咗 4 個城市嘅佈局,仲有 11 個會喺 2030 年前陸續覆蓋。
講真嘅,中國自動駕駛公司出海唔係頭一回,但中國技術 + 全球出行平台 + 歐洲市場呢個組合,定係好有意思。馬德里係歐洲最具商業潛力嘅 Robotaxi 市場之一,人口多、出行需求大,當地政策都好友善。喺呢個市場站穩腳根,對文遠知行嚟講係個唔小嘅里程碑。對 Uber 嚟講,引進 Robotaxi 都係為咗降低成本——終究司機唔使發人工。對馬德里市民嚟講,以後打車可能更平。
