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Bak Auto (Zhengzhou Bak New Energy Vehicle Co., Ltd.) is a Chinese new energy commercial vehicle brand, affiliated with Shenzhen Bak Battery Co., Ltd.—a world-leading professional lithium battery manufacturer and US Nasdaq listed company (Stock Code: CBAK). The company was established in December 2013, registered in Zhongmu County Automotive Industry Agglomeration Zone, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, with a registered capital of 545.11 million RMB and an employee size of 50 to 99.
The brand takes "powertrain integration technology" as the core, comprehensively mastering three major key technologies: motor, electronic control, and vehicle control, while possessing the ability for independent R&D of power batteries. The company is committed to the production and sales of new energy dedicated vehicles, with products covering pure electric enclosed trucks, refrigerated trucks, aerial work platforms, and various other types. The company currently holds 261 patents, has invested in 9 enterprises externally, and its production base is equipped with an assembly workshop and a 1,200-meter test runway.
Bak Auto is an important layout by the Bak Group in the vehicle manufacturing segment. The Bak Group was founded in 2001, with its headquarters in Shenzhen, Guangdong. It holds approximately 30% of the domestic market share in the battery field. Its products have been successfully applied in multiple brand models such as JAC Volkswagen, Dongfeng, XPeng, Lingtu, and have wide influence in the industry. Zhengzhou Bak New Energy Vehicle, as the vehicle manufacturing enterprise under the Bak Group, leverages its unique core advantages in new energy electric vehicle power system integration technology to enter the new energy dedicated vehicle manufacturing field. It focuses on the "last kilometer" of urban logistics and green travel full scenarios, committed to building a world-class new energy vehicle manufacturing enterprise. There is currently no unified publicly disclosed style for the brand logo.
Bak Auto's development has roughly gone through four key stages.
Establishment and Initial R&D (2013—2015): In December 2013, Zhengzhou Bak New Energy Vehicle Co., Ltd. was officially registered. Relying on the technical accumulation of its parent company Bak Battery in the power battery field, the company established the technical route of "power system integration technology as the core" from the very beginning, comprehensively mastering the three core technologies of electric vehicles. On December 21, 2013, Anyuan Bus Manufacturing Co., Ltd. signed a cooperation agreement with Shenzhen Bak Battery to establish Jiangxi Anyuan Bak New Energy Bus Co., Ltd., in which Shenzhen Bak held 80% of the registered capital, and Anyuan Bus held 20%, dedicated to the R&D, manufacturing, and sales of new energy buses.
Qualification Acquisition and Product Launch (2016—2019): 2016 was a critical year for product development. The company initiated the light truck Q501/Q503 project and micro-van W101 R&D project sequentially, with the first pure electric micro-van model in the testing phase. In 2019, Bak Auto obtained dedicated vehicle production qualifications, formally entering the batch manufacturing stage of new energy dedicated vehicles, and began mass production of pure electric logistics vehicles and specialized operation vehicles.
Venue Vehicle Expansion and Scaling (2021—2023): In 2021, the company obtained qualifications for venue vehicles and forklifts, extending its product line from highway vehicles to on-site vehicles in closed scenarios, mass producing scenic area shuttle buses and tourist coaches. In 2023, the company further mass-produced pure electric forklifts and began laying out the "green travel full scenario" strategy, covering comprehensive travel needs from urban logistics to scenic traffic, from on-site operations to outdoor transportation.
Heavy Truck Layout and New Energy Heavy Investment (from 2022): In June 2022, Zhengzhou Bak Auto reached a strategic cooperation with the Jinghe New City Management Committee of Xixian New Area. Aiming for coordinated innovation and development of the heavy truck and new energy vehicle sales two industrial chains, they jointly built the Bak New Energy Vehicle Research Institute and the New Energy Heavy Truck Division. The total project investment is 326 million yuan, with an initial investment of 68 million yuan. The personnel scale is planned to grow to 200 by 2025, and annual operating income is expected to reach 3 billion yuan by 2026.
Bak Auto focuses on the field of pure electric dedicated vehicles. Approved models cover logistics distribution, refrigerated transportation, aerial work, sightseeing, and other scenarios. The brand does not produce passenger cars; its business focuses on the R&D and manufacturing of new energy commercial vehicles and on-site dedicated vehicles.
Pure Electric Enclosed Van (Micro Van) Series: The core products of Bak Auto, including models such as BAK5021XXYBEV, BAK5030XXYBEV, etc. Taking BAK5021XXYBEV as an example, the body dimensions are 4,165mm×1,680mm×1,930mm, cargo box dimensions are 2,320mm×1,460mm×1,300mm, with the cargo compartment and driving area effectively isolated and the cargo box top not openable. The energy storage device uses ternary nickel cobalt manganese acid lithium composite batteries (single cell model H18650CIL 2.4Ah), with a motor peak power of 60kW (approx. 82 horsepower), rated power 30kW, and a maximum speed of 100km/h. The driving range is approx. 252 km, fast charging takes 1.5 hours, slow charging takes 6 hours, with a guide price of approx. 169,800 yuan. This model can be sold nationwide. Under the brand, there are also "Bak Xingyi" micro-van models in the 150,000—200,000 yuan range, with the same driving range of 252 km.
Pure Electric Refrigerated Truck Series: Model BAK5030XLCBEV, designed specifically for cold chain "last kilometer" transportation. Equipped with an insulated structure cargo compartment and refrigeration device, the interior dimensions of the cargo box are 2,950mm×1,400mm×1,470mm, with a volume of approx. 5.5 cubic meters. The battery also uses 18650 ternary lithium batteries (same as Tesla), with a loaded capacity of 48.5 kWh, motor peak power up to 100kW (approx. 135 horsepower), driving range approx. 230 km, and maximum speed 90km/h. The driver's cab is effectively isolated from the cargo hold, and cargo windows are closed to ensure cold chain transportation temperature control requirements.
Q501 Blue Plate Separate Box Truck: Light truck product positioned in the urban logistics market, R&D started in 2016, has entered the national directory, designed specifically for urban distribution scenarios.
Scenic Area Shuttle Buses and Tourist Coaches: Mass-produced after obtaining venue vehicle production qualifications in 2021, mainly targeting green travel needs in scenic tourist areas.
Electric Forklifts: Mass-produced pure electric forklifts in 2023, serving industrial logistics and warehouse scenarios, an important part of the brand's "green travel full scenario" strategy.
Aerial Work Platforms and Special Purpose Trucks: The company's approved models cover various specialized operation trucks, providing electrified dedicated solutions for municipal, property management, communication, and other industries.
New Energy Heavy Truck Project (Planned): Laid out the New Energy Heavy Truck Division starting in 2022, currently promoting the R&D of gas engine range-extended electric commercial vehicles. Bak Auto has reached a cooperation with Professor Chen Quanshi of Tsinghua University to jointly develop gas engine range-extended electric commercial vehicles and chassis, adopting natural gas engines to meet emission standards above Euro 5, directly driving large-power main generators.
Bak Auto is a professional brand in the B-end new energy dedicated vehicle field, with limited publicly available sales data. Since the company only obtained dedicated vehicle production qualifications in 2019, the start of scaled operations in the new energy commercial vehicle market was relatively late. Currently, Bak Auto's sales channels focus on business users (To B), with products covering the whole country through direct sales and dealer networks in various regions.
In terms of market expansion, the industrial chain advantages of the parent company Bak Battery provide strong support for vehicle sales. Combining data from Bak Battery's introduction, cumulative pure electric passenger cars and buses are nearly 3,000 units, hybrid vehicles approx. 1,000 units, sales equipped battery cells 22 million Wh, cumulative driving mileage 9 million km, with no safety accidents.
At the regional sales level, Bak Auto's various pure electric enclosed trucks and refrigerated trucks have entered the urban logistics systems of many cities in China. The company possesses "qualified for sales nationwide" product approval qualifications, covering a wide region.
Regarding revenue goals, according to the Jinghe project plan, Bak Auto achieved operating income of 100 million yuan in 2022, and annual operating income is expected to reach 3 billion yuan by 2026.
Bak Auto's core technologies are built upon the parent company Bak Battery's "battery—cell—whole vehicle" vertical integration capability.
New Battery Power Core Technologies: As the whole vehicle segment of Bak Battery, Bak Auto naturally enjoys "core-level" battery technology support. Bak Battery is one of the earliest enterprises in the industry to develop ternary system vehicle power batteries. Vehicle-electricity products are mainly cylindrical batteries with large rectangular cells as an auxiliary, known for ultra-strong cycle life, stable and safe performance, and leading driving range, providing power drive for well-known new energy vehicle manufacturers domestically and internationally. In the solid-state battery field, Bak has made significant progress in semi-solid battery R&D, having completed the development of semi-solid cells with energy density 280—390Wh/kg and a cycle life of up to 3,000 cycles. Its cells have passed 3mΩ short-circuit no-leakage and 3mm nail penetration no-fire tests. The company aims to break through 400Wh/kg monomer energy density between 2026 and 2027 and complete mass production vehicle verification.
Motor and Electronic Control Technologies: Bak Auto possesses complete motor and electronic control independent R&D capabilities. From cells and battery packs to motors and electronic control, the brand has built a full-link technical system from core components to whole vehicle integration, making it one of the few enterprises in China to comprehensively master the three core technologies of electric vehicles.
Whole Vehicle Control System: Bak Auto independently develops the whole vehicle controller and relevant control software, achieving high-level synergy and deep optimization of the "three-electric" systems.
Lightweight Body Technology: The company applies aluminum alloy frame structure design and cold metal transfer welding processes in the lightweight field, effectively reducing vehicle weight while improving body stiffness and durability.
Braking Energy Recovery System: Through the braking energy recovery system, kinetic energy during vehicle deceleration is efficiently recovered to the power battery, improving overall energy utilization rate and driving range.
Intelligent Internet of Vehicles Platform: Bak Auto has established an intelligent Internet of Vehicles monitoring platform. Through the server system, it achieves data collection and analysis functions such as real-time monitoring of vehicle operation status, driving behavior analysis, mileage analysis, and regional management. After settling in Jinghe, the brand will further carry out big data analysis work, involving driving behavior, vehicle management, operating mileage analysis, and regional operation analysis, etc.
Bak Auto relies on the global strategy of its parent company Bak Battery, having inherent advantages in overseas layout. Bak Battery has explicitly stated that it will accelerate the "going global" strategy in 2026, with the core goal of increasing the overseas sales ratio to over 50%, deeply embedding into the global supply chain through product certification and joint R&D. Under this strategic framework, Bak Auto, as the whole vehicle manufacturing platform under Bak Battery, is expected to benefit from the parent company's international business expansion.
In the bus sector, Bak Auto's affiliated partner Anyuan Bus has a certain overseas foundation. Anyuan Bus has successfully exported to more than ten countries including Australia, US, UK, South Africa, and Malaysia. In 2006, it set a record for the largest single export order of domestic buses to the US—bulk export of 21 units of 13.7-meter luxury coaches. Anyuan Bus has passed international certifications such as Australia ADR, UK VCA, and US DOT. Its bus rollover test is called the "China's First Export Drop" by industry media.
Bak Auto's future strategy focuses on three directions: technology deepening, product expansion, and global layout.
In terms of technology, the company will continue to rely on Bak Battery's cutting-edge solid-state batteries. Bak has completed the mass production capacity building for semi-solid batteries, aiming to break through energy density of 400Wh/kg and achieve mass production installation between 2026 and 2027. At the same time, the company continues to deepen its focus on large cylindrical full-tab technology, focusing on providing customized energy solutions for emerging business formats such as low-altitude economy, artificial intelligence, and data centers.
In terms of product expansion, new energy heavy trucks will be the core growth engine for Bak Auto in the next few years. The R&D center and heavy truck division constructed in Jinghe have a total investment of 326 million yuan, planning for personnel scale to reach 200 by 2025, and expected to achieve annual operating income of 3 billion yuan by 2026. Gas engine range-extended electric commercial vehicles, as a key cooperative project of the company, will cooperate deeply with Tsinghua University to jointly develop range-extended electric dedicated vehicles meeting Euro 5 or above emission standards.
In terms of global layout, Bak Battery has formulated a strategic goal of increasing the overseas sales ratio to over 50%, gradually embedding into the global supply chain system by deepening long-term cooperation with mainstream international car manufacturers, intelligent terminal equipment, and energy storage system integrators. Bak Auto will, under this framework, actively explore opportunities for new energy whole vehicle overseas export, relying on infrastructure construction needs in countries along the "Belt and Road" and emerging markets to expand overseas sales channels for new energy dedicated vehicles.
Comprehensively speaking, Bak Auto is at a critical stage of leaping from a professional new energy dedicated vehicle manufacturer to a full-scenario green travel solution provider. Under the industrial chain and resource synergy of parent company Bak Battery, whether the brand can exert strength simultaneously in three dimensions of technology innovation, product upgrade, and global expansion will determine its competitive position in the new energy commercial vehicle industry in the next few years.
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